Seen on my morning trail walk. From top to bottom: The gall of a Atrusca quercuscentricola Spotted oak apple gall wasp.

Cladonia portentosa Lichen

A small, light orange sphere with many dark red circles sits on a brown leaf in a forest. It is made by a gall wasp. The sphere has a small hole in the top right that reveals that the sphere is a very thin material.
pale green lichen with many very tiny branches that looks like a kind of sponge. The lichen grows atop a darker green patch of lush moss on the forest floor with a background of winter woodland
pale green lichen with many very tiny branches that looks like a kind of sponge. The lichen grows atop a darker green patch of lush moss on the forest floor with a background of winter woodland